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IN SEARCH OF OUR ROOTS 5

THE CONTRIBUTION OF CIVILIZATION 'GREEK

1) LA FORMULATION OF RATIONAL THOUGHT

Greeks overcame the mental level of civilization of 'Old East. While these were pre-logical civilization, the Greeks reached the logic.
Where Civilizations of the Ancient East uses the imagination (myth), the Greeks began to reason. They built the tools of rational thought, one by one through a constant evolution lasting about three centuries.

2) THE METHOD AND DISCUSSION OF THE PHILOSOPHY

greek He loved to go in search of knowledge (philosophy = love of knowledge) and to do so, uses a tool that was characteristic of his race: the discussion .

The discussion itself, as a method for the Greeks was a source of knowledge and the agora was the place where it was carried out with the participation of all free men.

Pericles said that their whole civilization was based on the discussion. Discuss, for Pericles, did not mean to waste time and turn your moment of action, but it meant more conscious decisions because they would examine the pros and cons of each action.

The Greeks believed that knowledge could be taught. Ancient civilizations had existed in East schools which taught the technique of writing or mathematics, but only with the Greeks are schools where teaching knowledge. What

il bello, che cos'è la verità, che cos'è l'arte, che cos'è la giustizia, che cos'è l'amicizia, che cos'è la vita buona.
Sono domande a cui i Greci tentarono di dare una risposta attraverso il metodo della discussione.

3) IL CONCETTO DI SCIENZA

La scienza greca non è fondata sull'osservazione della natura, ma è fondata sul ragionamento deduttivo. I Greci avevano imparato a sviluppare un ragionamento rigorosamente logico. Date certe premesse si raggiungeva, attraverso una dimostrazione rigorosamente logica, sempre un risultato che era coerente e consequenziale a quelle premesse.

La premessa era una verità indimostrabile (assioma), but taken for granted. Through a logical-mathematical proved a result that was certainly true with reference to the premise.

We now know that the Greek was not true science. However, deductive reasoning is an essential tool in scientific research today.

4)

DEMOCRACY Democracy is the greatest achievement of ancient Greece. Only a people who had developed the principles of freedom and equality among citizens, and favored the method of discussion, as the search for truth, he could develop it as concept.

The fundamental principle of democracy is that power belongs to the people (the term democracy is made from demos, people, and the crate, power), which runs through the magistrates elected for a short period, the assembly of all citizens (Ecclesia).

tools of democracy are: 1) the discussion, which allows you to discuss the issues so as to achieve better decisions with the help of all, 2) the majority rule, which guarantees the most (the majority) to state their point of view and the minority to have contributed in some way with their dissent, to improve the decision and, finally, 3) the complete freedom to express their thoughts.