LA STRUTTURA MENTALE DELL’UOMO
La storia ci dice che l'uomo è passato attraverso un'evoluzione di pensiero che lo ha portato da un grado di conoscenza del tutto inesistente (primi uomini) ad uno di grande rilievo (uomo moderno).
La storia ci dice ancora che questa evoluzione è avvenuta in milioni di anni: dall'uomo che incominciò a levigare la prima pietra all'uomo che muove alla conquista dello spazio nell'era dell'intelligenza artificiale.
This development was initially slow, almost imperceptible. For millions of years, despite having a brain biologically identical to that of today, the man continued to use almost exclusively of PALEOCERVELLO and the overlapping of the first mammals.
His life was made of instincts, fear of feeling the primordial state. The neocortex, which was to prove, then, as the seat of the whole universe of human affairs, was there ready to be used, but it was not. Only slowly
man has learned to acquire the knowledge, to organize, streamline and grow, thereby, in his mental structure. This growth, as far as I know, has accelerated in the last six thousand years, since it appeared that we call the civilized man, the man in history, the founder of the first great civilization.
"If it is true that the individual still recapitulates in miniature the history of the race" (Cornford, 1932), the process through which this growth took place (phylogeny)?
The basic mechanism was as follows: a mass of information, knowledge and representations, organized around a frame of mind, creates a situation of equilibrium.
But every equilibrium is unstable. A new mass of information, knowledge and representations, which can not be assimilated by the existing mental structure, it undermines and causes the formation a new balance and a new mindset, a new intelligence.
This process can theoretically continue indefinitely. But in humans, as has been historically determined, has so far produced four types of intelligences (sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational).
But let the word to genetic epistemology, which has declared itself the task of studying "the formation and meaning of knowledge [and see] what means and in what ways the human mind passes from a lower level of knowledge to a more
Advanced ... "to explain how the transmission occurs between a level of knowledge than one that is generally judged be more advanced ... These steps are of historical and psychological and, sometimes, even biological "(Piaget, 1970: 12-13).
This study, however, becomes possible only if it is" fundamental assumption ... that there is a parallelism between the organization logical and rational [data] of knowledge and the corresponding formative psychological processes [man] ...
"Of course the most fruitful field of study and most obvious would be the reconstruction of human history - the history of human thought prehistoric humans. Unfortunately, we are not sufficiently informed about the psychology of Neanderthal man or Homo siniensis on the psychology of Teilhard de Chardin.
"Because this area of \u200b\u200bbiogenetic we're not allowed, as we do and we will turn to biologists' ontogeny. Nothing could be more accessible for the study of ontogenesis of these notions.
"There are children around us. And it is with children that we will have the best chance to study the development of logical, mathematical thought, thought related to the physical world, etc. "(Piaget, 1970),
CONTINUE
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